Liquid-fuel-burning apparatus



Nov. 16, 1926. I 1,607,391

. 4 M. e. DELANEY 1 LIQUID FUEL BURNING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY Nov. 16 1926. 1,607,391

M. G. DELANEY LIQUID FUEL BURNING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 28, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 16, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL G. DELANEY, OF NEW YORK, ,N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE AS- SIGNMENTS, TO DELWAY HEATERS, INC., 01 NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

LIQUID-FUEL-BURNING APPAR TUS..."

Application filed February 28, 1924. Serial No. 695,620,

This invention relates to apparatus for vaporizing liquid fuel and water, mingling the resultant vapors, and burning the mixture, and my improvements are particularly directed to an apparatus of this character wherein the liquid fuel employed is one of the heavier grades of liquid hydrocarbon, such as kerosene orfuel oil.

In apparatus for burning the. vapors of' liquid fuel and water difficulty has hitherto been experienced in regulating the pressure coil that is in communication therewith, I"

provide in said burner tube'a predetermined numberof orifices, of given size, and so arrangethe'se orifices that some of'them are adapted to impinge their jets upon the generator, and others cause'their flame jets to issue within the casing without having contact with the superheater tubing, to prevent its destruction. This'involves-a novel coordination between the superheater tubing and burner orifices, the tubing being extend-.

ed from the upper part of the generator, carried around said generator, and continued into the burnertube, and the burner orifices being arranged to have clear upward passage for the burner flames for their avoid an'ce of contact with the coils of the superheater tubing.

A further feature of my present invention consists in establishing and maintaining a definite water level in the generator, and in causing the flame impingement upon the generator to occur-only .at its sides in about the horizontal plane of the water level, forthe reason that thereby the top strata of water in the generator will become vaporized, without causing the bulk of water therein to boil. By this means steam is con.-:

tin'uously generated, in sufficient volume to meet the requirement of the apparatus and the super-heater tubing does not become flooded with a disproportionate quantity of moisture. i 1 l Also a check valve is provided in .the

.water supply pipe operable to restrict the flow as the pressure rises in the burner.

Other features and advantages of my invention will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional elevation o my improved'burner apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof, taken onthe line,22 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a section, of the burner apparatus, with its supply, means for liquid fuel and water.

N ow referring to the drawings, I have shown a casing which is an element of my burner apparatus and contains the other elements thereof thatroact therewith in the production of a composite gas including the vapors of liquid hydrocarbon and water.

The casing has a'base l by which it may rest'upon the grate 2 of a furnace, and has the upstanding, surrounding walls 3, but has no top or enclosing cover. Instead a spreader plate 4 is supported, as upon stand- .ards 5, clearingly above the walls 3; This plate 4 is perforated with flame outlet apertures '6, and'is of greater extent in area than' the casing area, in order that the burner flames issuing above the casing walls may be deflected laterally in licking around the plate under draft influence, becoming thinned, thus promoting combustion of the gaseous products.

The height of the clear space between the walls 3 and the late 4, as well as the rela- .tivity between t 1e areas of the spreader plate and the casing, are matters of proportionate determination in securing the most eflicient result.

A priming pan is located upon the base 1, and a mount 8 thereon supports a boiler or generator 9, which extends lengthwise within the casing, the height of the generator being such that it extends up beyond the casingwalls 3 into close 'proxlmity with the" spreader plate. The generator is supplied with water by a' communicating pipe 10, which is shown as connecting with the forward end of the generator at a point diagrammatic view, partly in.

near the lower portion thereof. This is for the purpose of hunting the body of water which is to be contained by the generator. The water level, indicated at 11, is mamtained by means ot a float valve 12 in a cistern l3, intern'ledi'ate'thesupply 142' and com municating pipe 10.

Steam generated in the boiler 9 is delivered to a pipe 15, which communicates with said boiler or generator at a point near its upper port-ion. This pipe is carried around the generator in the form of a coil, having. the straight length portions 15 15 which lie at opposite sides of the generator; the end connecting portions 15, 15; the straight length portions 15*, 15 with end connecting portion 15 and the continuing burner tube 16. The pipe 15, throughout its entire length, is of the same cross-sectional area, and the continuing burner tube is also of like cross-sectional area therewith throughout its length, in. order that pressure may not vary therein. Portions of the coil 15 are arranged at a downward inclination so that the burner tube, which is in communication therewith, may lie in' a horizontal plane near the bottom of the generator. Said burner tube' is here shown as or U-t'ormation with its legs extended in parallelism to the respective sides of the generator.

At the junction of the coil portions 15, 15, there is an elbow formation 15 adapted for the reception of the liquid fuel supply pipe 17, by which liquid fuel is directed into the coil portion 15, to be there entrained by the flowing steam, with which it enters into-mingled association, and be coming vaporized in the coil, provides a gaseous mixture. This mixture is superheated as it traverses the succeeding portions of the coil, and enters the burner tube in a highly combustible state.

The liquid fuel supply is indicated in the diagram as controlled by a float valve 18 in a cistern 19, which is .ted from a tank 20.-

The burner tube is shown as provided with"'two sets oi jet orifices 21, 22, the orilices 21 bein'gdirected toward thelower portion of the generator, so that their flames will impinge thereon at about the ho'rizontal plane of the water level; and the other orifices- 22 are directed vertically, the arrangement of the burner tube being such, relatively to the various portions of pipe coil 15, that the flames from orifices 22 will extend upwardly between said coil portions and the generator, but without impinging upon either said coil portions or generator.-

The purpose of directing some of the barrier flames intolmplngement upon the generator 1n the pla-ne'of' the water level 1s that thereby the top strata-0 f the water. in

thegen'erator may be vaporized without boihng. thebulk of the water therein. In this manner the upper portionof the'generae tor becomes charged with relatively dry steam which is supplied to the mixing and superheating coil. This feature of my invention is of considerable importance, for, were the body of water in the generator to be subjected to boiling heat the generator would be charged with moist steam" and this would militate against the formation of the desirable gaseous mixture which is contemplated by my.invention, and with which I have been able to achieve excellent results in thorough combustion and steady burner operation, with avoidance of carbon deposits.

The flow of the mingled gases in the coil and burner tube is through a bore of continuously even cross-sectional area, maintaining the pressure constant throughout the system, and the aggregate area of? the jet orifices 21' and 22 is suitably proportioned to the bore, said aggregate area being about one seventh that of the bore to provide the best results. This proportionate" relation has been ascertained after a series of experiments, the pressure iuthe system being at about two 7 and one-halt OUIICGS;

At 23 I have shown a valve in the burner tube, having operating means 24,-, to cut out some of the burner orifices. This de} vice is useful when less heat is desired, but

as cutting down the number of jetorifices in service will tend at first to increase the pressure in the system, I provide a check valve in the pipe 10 which will; close under the excess pressure, and thereaftenas the pressure falls, open to maintain a prop erly balanced supply of water. I

Also I may provide a throttle valve 26 at the junction between the coil portion 15 and the burner tube, with manual control means 27'. The check valve becomes a valuable auxiliary to the use of the throttle valve, as will be appreciated.

The liquid fuel supply pipe 17 may also be provided with a check valve 28;

At 28 I have shown a series of air deliverynozzles'which direct air streams from outside the casing toward the burner flame zone;

Variations within the spirit and scope ofmy invention are comprehended bythe fore: going disclosure.

Iclaim:

1. A liquid fuel burning apparatus including a generator, means for supplying water thereto, means tormaintaining a con stant level of water in the lower portion of said generator, a burner, and means for directing flamerfrom the burner to impinge upon thegenerator only in about the plane of the water levell V 2, In a: liquid fuel burning apparatus, in com'binationaa casing a generator therein, a mixing and superheating coil extended from said generator, and a burner tube extended from said coil, means for supplying Water to said generator, means for supplying liquid fuel to said coil, means for maintaining a constant level of Water in the lower portion of said generator, and means for directing flame from theburner tube to impinge upon the generator only in about the plane of the Water level. V

3. In a liquid fuel burning apparatus, in combination, a casing, a generator therein, a mixing and superheating coil extended from said generator, and a burner tube extended from said coil, the bore of said coil and burner tube being uniform throughout, means for supplying Water to said generator, means for supplying liquid fuel to said coil, means for maintaining a constant level of water in the lower portion of said generator, and means for directing flame from the burner tube to impinge upon the generator only in about the plane of the Water level.

4. In a liquid fuelburning apparatus, in combination, a casing, a generator therein, a mixing and superheating coil extended from said casing and a burner tube extended from said coil, said burner tube provided with jet orifices of fixed size aggregating in cross-sectional area a predetermined minor proportion of the area represented by the bore of the burner tube, means for supplying Water to said generator, means for supplying liquid fuel to said coil, means for maintaining a constant level of Water in the lower part of the generator, means for directing flame from some of the jetorifices to impinge upon the generator only in about the plane of the water level, and means for directing flame from the other jet orifices in non-contacting relation with the coil and generator.

5. In a liquid fuel burning apparatus,in combination, a generator, a mixing and superheating coil extended from said generator and a burner tube extended from said coil, means for supplying Water to said generator, means for maintaining a constant level of Water in the lower portion of said generator, means for directing flame from the burner tube to impinge upon the generator only in about the plane of the Water level, means for varying the pressure in the burner tube, and means operable by the pressure variation to regulate the supply of Water to the generator.

6. In a liquid fuel burning apparatus, in combination, a generator. a mixing and superheating coil extended from said generator and a burner tube extended from said coil, means for supplying Water to said gen- MICHAEL G. DELANEY. 

